11 AGING AND HEALTH

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The Greying of Society

Race, age, social class, and gender affect health; example: people from higher social classes generally have better health

functionalism: as people grow older, they reduce their interactions with others—a practice that is unavoidable, mutual, and acceptable to the individual and society
conflict theory: society places a negative stigma on the elderly, which segregates them from others
symbolic interactionism: successful aging encompasses health, psychological well-being, role integration, and social engagement
feminism: men and women experience aging differently, partly because society treats older men and women differently

first pillar: the Old Age Security pension is given to most Canadians over 65 years old. It is not based on employment earnings, and it is taxable
second pillar: the Canada Pension Plan and Quebec Pension Plan pay a modest pension to working Canadians when they retire. Benefits are based on lifetime earnings contributions
third pillar: company pensions and private savings, such as Registered Retirement Savings Plans, are another source of retirement income for Canadians