07 Sex and Gender

01

__________ is a biological phenomenon, while __________ is a socially constructed phenomenon.

Sex; gender

Gender role; gender stereotype

Gender; sex

Sex; sex role
02

The sexual organs that are present at birth and are directly involved in human reproduction are your __________ sexual characteristics.

procreative

primary

secondary

androgynous
03

Which hormone is the primary determinant of whether a baby will develop male or female external genitalia?

Progesterone

Human chorionic gonadotropin

Androgen

Estrogen
04

Chastity and Shane are fraternal twins, born 17 minutes apart. They go through many of life’s trials and tribulations together, but if their developmental schedules hold true to average, Chastity will start going through her pubescent development approximately ___________ her brother.

2 years earlier than

5 years earlier than

3 years later than

at the same time as
05

An intersexed individual is defined as a person who:

desires a sex change (or gender reassignment) operation because they are, in fact, homosexual.

is born with non-standard male or female genitalia.

enjoys dressing in the clothing of the opposite gender for the purpose of sexual arousal.

is asexual as a result of a lack of appropriate hormonal activation during puberty.
06

The term “gender __________” refers to boys and men who show traditionally masculine traits and behaviors, and girls and women who show traditionally feminine traits and behaviors.

typed

normed

roled

consistent
07

Which of the following is a valid concern with regard to treating boys and girls differently during their childhoods?

Adults may grow to have different expectations about the abilities of boys and girls, and thus treat them in ways that either encourage or discourage certain skills.

Adults may grow to love children more or less based on their gender-consistent behaviors.

Adults stressing independence may be less nurturing of girls than of boys, since they feel that girls naturally have better problem-solving abilities than boys.

d. Adults may force more encouragement and instruction in math and science on girls, since they believe that girls are naturally less capable in those subjects.
08

Marquis is 4 years old, and as one might expect he pays very careful attention to his father. He imitates many of his father’s actions, copies his behaviors, and responds appropriately to rewards and punishments for his own behaviors. Marquis is learning many aspects of gender through the __________ theory.

social learning

gender schema

cognitive acquisitive

behavioral
09

At what age do children tend to reach the peak of their gender rigidity?

3-4 years of age

5-6 years of age

7-8 years of age

9-10 years of age
10

Some people are very quick to come to the aid of a woman because she is perceived as being helpless, weak, and unable to provide for herself. These same individuals may be quite a bit less likely to come to the assistance of a man in the same situation. Though these people may have noble intentions, this is still an example of __________ sexism.

backhanded

chivalrous

benevolent

paradoxical
11

How many of the 46 chromosomes that most human beings have ultimately determine our sex?

5

3

1

0 – Sex is not determined by chromosomes, but rather by individual genes.
12

While there has been quite a bit of effort to emphasize the equality of men and women – to promote the concept that men and women have no true differences when it comes to skills and abilities – what has research consistently found about this topic?

Research has found that men and women are vastly different creatures, with massive differences in our natural physical and cognitive abilities, and that the push to create a ‘gender neutral’ society is contrary to the laws of nature.

Research has found that there are brain differences between men and women but that these differences are not significant and do not affect our behaviors at all.

Research supports the idea that other than genitalia and reproductive abilities, men and women have no true biological differences.

Research has found that there are ways in which men and women are consistently different.
13

Research has found that part of the __________ cortex is thicker in men than in women, which may explain why men tend to excel at spatial puzzles when compared to women.

parietal

occipital

frontal

temporal
14

When a study was conducted assessing the likelihood of subjects to administer electric shocks to other human beings, it was observed that:

men were more likely to respond with aggression against the experimenter when they were instructed to administer shocks that they did not want to give.

men were more likely than women to administer what they believed to be more painful shocks.

women were more likely than men to administer what they believed to be more painful shocks.

women were more likely to do what they were told by the experimenter because they did not have a good understanding of the machinery that they were asked to manipulate.
15

Which of the following statements about the reported quality of relationships is most consistent with research findings?

Both men and women report having more intimate, enjoyable, and nurturing friendships with men.

Men report more enjoyable friendships with other men, while women report more enjoyable friendships with other women.

Both men and women report having more intimate, enjoyable, and nurturing friendships with women.

Men report more enjoyable friendships with women, while women report more enjoyable friendships with men.
16

Up until 1973, __________ was listed as a psychological disorder by the American Psychiatric Association.

sexual promiscuity

homosexuality

transsexualism

gender identity disorder
17

Which of the following is a generally accepted idea with regard to human sexual orientation?

Sexual orientation is neither willfully chosen nor willfully changed.

Sexual orientation is a choice that people can decide to alter if their desire to is strong enough.

Sexual orientation is largely a product of our upbringing, involving parental, social, and religious influences.

Sexual orientation is something that every person eventually becomes comfortable with, though some people take longer than others to accept their own sexual desires.
18

According to the results of research involving twins and family members, which of the following has been suggested?

Homosexual men tend to have more gay relatives on their father’s side of the family than on their mother’s side of the family.

If a child has one gay parent, their chance of being gay rises by approximately 70%, even if they are not raised by that parent.

Genes may play at least some role in determining a person’s sexual orientation.

Homosexual individuals have fewer homosexual siblings as compared to heterosexual individuals, because the siblings are able to observe the difficulties associated with being gay, and this encourages them to choose to be heterosexual.
19

When examining the concordance rates of homosexuality between identical twins and fraternal twins or non-twin siblings, the following has been reported by research – if one identical twin is gay, his brother has a ___% chance of being gay as well. If a fraternal twin or a non-twin sibling is gay, his brother has a ___% chance of being gay as well.

75; 10

50; 15

25; 5

95; 30
20

Which specific part of the brain has been shown to be reliably different between heterosexual and homosexual men and women in terms of its size and response to certain stimuli?

The amygdala

The hypothalamus

The limbic system

The brainstem

07 Sex and Gender

__________ is a biological phenomenon, while __________ is a socially constructed phenomenon.

The sexual organs that are present at birth and are directly involved in human reproduction are your __________ sexual characteristics.

Which hormone is the primary determinant of whether a baby will develop male or female external genitalia?

Chastity and Shane are fraternal twins, born 17 minutes apart. They go through many of life’s trials and tribulations together, but if their developmental schedules hold true to average, Chastity will start going through her pubescent development approximately ___________ her brother.

An intersexed individual is defined as a person who:

The term “gender __________” refers to boys and men who show traditionally masculine traits and behaviors, and girls and women who show traditionally feminine traits and behaviors.

Which of the following is a valid concern with regard to treating boys and girls differently during their childhoods?

At what age do children tend to reach the peak of their gender rigidity?

How many of the 46 chromosomes that most human beings have ultimately determine our sex?

While there has been quite a bit of effort to emphasize the equality of men and women – to promote the concept that men and women have no true differences when it comes to skills and abilities – what has research consistently found about this topic?

Research has found that part of the __________ cortex is thicker in men than in women, which may explain why men tend to excel at spatial puzzles when compared to women.

When a study was conducted assessing the likelihood of subjects to administer electric shocks to other human beings, it was observed that:

Which of the following statements about the reported quality of relationships is most consistent with research findings?

Up until 1973, __________ was listed as a psychological disorder by the American Psychiatric Association.

Which of the following is a generally accepted idea with regard to human sexual orientation?

According to the results of research involving twins and family members, which of the following has been suggested?

Which specific part of the brain has been shown to be reliably different between heterosexual and homosexual men and women in terms of its size and response to certain stimuli?

is a biological phenomenon, while is a socially constructed phenomenon.