01 Introduction

01

Which of the following is not found in the definition of the term Psychology?

Scientific study

Mental processes

Behaviors

Experimental methods
02

Until very recently, approximately 130 years ago, psychology was considered to be a branch of:

Biology

Physiology

Philosophy

Religion
03

The view that knowledge originates through experience is called:

scientology.

structuralism.

empiricism.

functionalism.
04

Maggie was sent to the school psychologist for an intelligence test. Based on the results of that test, it was decided that she would do well in the gifted child program. This is an example of which goal of psychology?

Describing behavior

Explaining behavior

Predicting behavior

Controlling behavior
05

“I wonder why Jim is so mean to Louise,” Mary commented to Sheila over coffee. “Maybe other people have always been mean to him, and so he is really angry all of the time. Maybe that makes him treat Louise badly, even though they are supposed to be in love,” replies Sheila. According to the scientific method, Sheila has just posed a:

theory.

problem.

hypothesis.

relative truth.
06

What did John Locke mean when he stated that the human mind is a tabula rasa?

Human beings are naturally evil.

We are like sponges that can only hold a specific amount of information.

We are born with no innate knowledge.

We are nothing more than the sum of our chromosomes, and we can never exceed the restrictions of genetics.
07

__________ is often credited as being the father of modern psychology.

Wilhelm Wundt

Plato

Sigmund Freud

William James
08

The school of psychology called structuralism used a technique called __________, which involved reporting the contents of consciousness to study a person’s experiences.

intervention

introspection

introjection

induction
09

A psychologist who adheres to the functionalist school of thought is staring at a banana. Which of the following statements is she MOST likely to make?

I see a long, curved, yellow object with a dark stem at one end.

I think that banana would really take the edge off of my hunger right now.

I see a banana.

I see a series of curved lines converging at two points, with the color yellow in between them. There is also a small “u”-shaped line connected to one conversion point for the other lines. The color brown is inside of it.
10

While on a visit to a large city, you observe several billboards in which a series of lights seem to move. Which perspective in psychology would most likely help you understand this phenomenon?

structuralism

interpretive functionalism

Gestalt psychology

evolutionary psychology
11

For Freud, much of our behavior is controlled by __________.

environmental stimuli.

mental Gestalts.

unconscious desires.

mental associations.
12

The most prominent and rapidly advancing perspective in modern psychology is __________ psychology.

humanistic

structural

physiological

cognitive
13

In the Nature vs. Nurture debate, Morgan falls strictly on the side of ‘nature’. Which of the following statements about human personality might Morgan be most inclined to agree with?

There is no such thing as ‘personality’, but instead we merely demonstrate learned responses, or habits, that make it look like we have a personality.

Each person has free will, so we have the ability to choose whatever personality we think will bring us the best outcomes.

We have some genetic influence on our personality, but who we become is really a product of the environment in which we are raised.

We are all born with the personality that we will develop, and our surroundings cannot change it.
14

With the publication of the book The Origin of Species in 1859, Charles Darwin attempted to provide evidence that supports which side of the Nature vs. Nurture debate?

Darwin’s book provided evidence that both sides of the argument are correct

Darwin’s book provided evidence that neither side of the argument is correct.

Nature

Nurture
15

In the Nature vs. Nurture debate, Morgan falls strictly on the side of ‘nurture’. Which of the following statements about human personality might Morgan be most inclined to agree with?

There is no such thing as ‘personality’, but instead we merely demonstrate learned responses, or habits, that make it look like we have a personality.

Each person has free will, so we have the ability to choose whatever personality we think will bring us the best outcomes.

We are all born as blank slates, and the personality we develop is a function of our environments and surroundings.

We are all born with the personality that we will develop, and our surroundings cannot change it.
16

After many years of scientific debate and research, what do most modern psychologists believe with regard to the Nature vs. Nurture debate?

The complete mapping of the human genome has provided us with no evidence that psychological attributes are completely genetic in origin (nature), and thus the nurture side of the debate has been accepted across the field.

The evidence for genetic precursors of human behavior (nature) is too overwhelming to place any real faith in the nurture side of the debate.

We become the people we are through a unique combination of hereditary (nature) and environmental factors (nurture).

d. While psychological abnormality may be caused by genetics (nature), we agree that normal development is uniquely a function of positive surroundings (nurture).
17

Of psychologists who recently received doctoral degrees, which area of psychology was the specialty where nearly half of them were employed?

Clinical psychology

Developmental psychology

Experimental psychology

Counseling psychology
18

On a television talk show you see an actor describing his recent struggles with depression. He reports that his symptoms have significantly decreased since he saw a professional in Hollywood to receive a prescription for anti-depressant medication. You conclude that the actor’s therapist is probably a(n) ___________.

psychiatrist

social worker

health psychologist

psychometrician
19

Akosua is a graduate student in psychology, but is having trouble deciding what she wants to do with her career. While talking to her advisor she says, “I really want to get away from simply dealing with theories, and I want to use psychology in a practical form to help fix the problems of the world!” Akosua’s advisor should probably advise her to look into __________ psychology.

experimental

industrial/organizational

clinical

applied
20

In which area of psychology would a professional be most interested in publishing their research in approved journals related to their field of study?

Clinical Psychology

Academic Psychology

Organizational Psychology

Applied Psychology

01 Introduction

Which of the following is not found in the definition of the term Psychology?

Until very recently, approximately 130 years ago, psychology was considered to be a branch of:

The view that knowledge originates through experience is called:

Maggie was sent to the school psychologist for an intelligence test. Based on the results of that test, it was decided that she would do well in the gifted child program. This is an example of which goal of psychology?

What did John Locke mean when he stated that the human mind is a tabula rasa?

__________ is often credited as being the father of modern psychology.

The school of psychology called structuralism used a technique called __________, which involved reporting the contents of consciousness to study a person’s experiences.

A psychologist who adheres to the functionalist school of thought is staring at a banana. Which of the following statements is she MOST likely to make?

While on a visit to a large city, you observe several billboards in which a series of lights seem to move. Which perspective in psychology would most likely help you understand this phenomenon?

For Freud, much of our behavior is controlled by __________.

The most prominent and rapidly advancing perspective in modern psychology is __________ psychology.

In the Nature vs. Nurture debate, Morgan falls strictly on the side of ‘nature’. Which of the following statements about human personality might Morgan be most inclined to agree with?

With the publication of the book The Origin of Species in 1859, Charles Darwin attempted to provide evidence that supports which side of the Nature vs. Nurture debate?

In the Nature vs. Nurture debate, Morgan falls strictly on the side of ‘nurture’. Which of the following statements about human personality might Morgan be most inclined to agree with?

After many years of scientific debate and research, what do most modern psychologists believe with regard to the Nature vs. Nurture debate?

Of psychologists who recently received doctoral degrees, which area of psychology was the specialty where nearly half of them were employed?

In which area of psychology would a professional be most interested in publishing their research in approved journals related to their field of study?